파밤나방(Spodoptera exigua)과 왕담배나방(Helicoverpa armigera)에서 디아마이드계 및 피레스로이드계 살충제 저항성 관리를 위한 상승제로서 아졸계 살균제의 활용 가능성

초록

Spodoptera exigua and Helicoverpa armigera are economically important agricultural pests worldwide, including Korea, where their management is increasingly challenged by the rapid evolution of resistance to diamide and pyrethroid insecticides. This resistance is largely driven by enhanced metabolic detoxification, mediated by the overexpression of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs). Consequently, inhibiting CYP activity has emerged as a promising strategy to restore insecticide susceptibility and improve resistance management. Here, we investigated the potential of azole fungicides, known CYP inhibitors, to act as synergists and enhance insecticide efficacy against resistant populations of these lepidopteran pests. Bioassays revealed clear species- and insecticide-specific synergistic interactions. In S. exigua, co-application of propiconazole with diamide insecticide chlorantraniliprole significantly increased toxicity, resulting in 100% larval mortality. In contrast, in deltamethrin-resistant H. armigera, strong synergistic effects were observed when deltamethrin was combined with hexaconazole or metconazole, resulting in mortality exceeding 80%. Although azole fungicides alone caused negligible insecticidal mortality, their co-application with insecticides produced pronounced, concentration-dependent increases in mortality, with statistically significant differences relative to insecticides applied alone. These results provide strong evidence for the involvement of CYP-mediated detoxification in diamide and pyrethroid resistance and demonstrate the efficacy of azole fungicides as effective synergists. Overall, this study suggests the strategic incorporation of azole fungicides into insecticide resistance management programs to improve control efficacy against resistant populations of S. exigua and H. armigera.

키워드