Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of enhanced antibacterial activity of tetracycline hydrochloride-loaded iron nitroprusside nanoparticles

초록

Developing nano-formulations by loading drugs onto nanoparticles (NPs) is an effective strategy to combat drug-resistant bacteria. In this study, tetracycline hydrochloride-loaded iron nitroprusside nanoparticles (TCHFeNNPs) were synthesized to develop an antioxidant and antibacterial nanosystem. Field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-TEM) revealed that FeNNPs exhibited an irregular morphology with a broad size distribution and a metal composition of Ag and Fe. The functional properties of TCH-FeNNPs were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), while the cubic crystalline structure of FeNNPs was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The TCH loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency of TCH-FeNNPs were determined to be 27.39 +/- 0.01 % and 71.79 +/- 0.01 %, respectively. Additionally, TCH loading increased the zeta potential of FeNNPs to 5.22 +/- 0.84 mV. TCH-FeNNPs demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens, with MIC90 values of B. cereus (125 mu g/mL), S. aureus (15.6 mu g/mL), L. monocytogenes (62.5 mu g/mL), S. enterica (125 mu g/mL), and E. coli (62.5 mu g/mL). At a concentration of 1000 mu g/ mL, TCH-FeNNPs exhibited a biofilm inhibition rate exceeding 80 %. Furthermore, cytotoxicity assays indicated that TCH-FeNNPs remained non-toxic up to 250 mu g/mL. These findings suggest that TCH-FeNNPs possess promising in vitro antibacterial properties and hold potential for further biomedical applications.

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