Evaluation of Nautical Chart Adequacy in the Coastal Area around Incheon Bay using Satellite Imagery with AIS Data

초록

The Nautical Chart (NC) is an essential tool for marine navigation that depicts the configuration of the shoreline and seafloor, such as bathymetry, locations of dangers to navigation, locations and characteristics of aids for navigation, anchorages, and other features. These features could be continuously changed according to the nature of a waterway and human activities. Hence, using the old or uncorrected NC for navigation is strongly prohibited. Moreover, the adequacy of NC is a must for the safety of the seaway before navigation. The general manner of ensuring the adequacy of NC is to access the change in bathymetry along with the vessel traffic information in seaway. The recent bathymetry update is commonly done by using hydrographic surveying techniques, such as Multi-Beam Echo Sounder (MBES) and Airborne LiDAR Bathymetry (ALB). These techniques provide both highly accurate and a dense coverage of depth measurements. However, high cost and logistic challenges are required. This study applied the satellite-derived bathymetry from Landsat imagery with Auto Identification System (AIS) data as vessel traffic information to evaluate the adequacy and completeness of NC information in the coastal area around Incheon Bay, Korea. Based on satellite data, submarine topography was derived and found to be very highly correlated up to 10m depth. The procedure can easily identify the changes of bathymetric information in NC and could be an effective and economic way of ensuring the NC adequacy without MBES or ALB surveying in the coastal area of Korea.

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