미생물이 생산하는 계면활성제에 대한 문헌 연구

초록

Surfactants are compounds that reduce the surface and interfacial tension between liquids. They are used in various industries, such as pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. However, as surfactants are produced from petroleum, they are toxic and non-biodegradable. Biosurfactants have been considered for a wide range of industrial applications because of their biodegradability and low toxicity. Here, we reviewed recent studies on the production and applications of biosurfactants. Microorganisms produce various types of biosurfactants, such as glycolipids, lipopeptides, and high-molecular-weight polymers. Carbon and nitrogen sources, in addition to culture conditions such as temperature and medium acidity, profoundly influence the production of biosurfactants. Additionally, recombinant microbial strains harboring biosynthetic genes for biosurfactant production have been reported. Furthermore, biosurfactants are paving their way for oil recovery, food additives, and remediation of soil. Reduction in biosurfactant production costs will enable their application in a broad range of areas.

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