전장에서 시장으로 : 중국-동남아 관계의 지속과 변화

초록

This study examines continuities and changes in the interactive relationships between China and Southeast Asia since the 1950s from a constructivist perspective, emphasizing the role of ideational and cultural factors over the role of material and structural factors stressed by realism and liberalism. National identity and interest are constructed through social interactions, but not dictated by structural imperatives. From the 1950s through the 1970s, the radical identities and interests of China and Southeast Asian states as enemies in the ‘Hobbesian culture’ followed the disintegration of colonialism, leading to the rapid spread of coercive unilateralism. In the 1980s, however, the pragmatic identities and interests of China and Southeast Asian states as rivals in the ‘Lockian culture’ promoted their bilateral cooperation, laying the basis for the full development of diplomatic bilateralism in the 1990s. As a result, the 1990s witnessed the gradual growth of multilateral economic and security cooperation between China and ASEAN, making possible the gradual construction of a new regional identity and interest as friends in the ‘Kantian culture’. While continuities are represented by the complex cultural combination, changes are suggested by the dynamic cultural transition. Thus, the prospects for a multilateral order in East Asia will depend on the direction of ideational interaction along the wide ideational spectrum from the ‘Hobbesian culture’ of unilateralism through the ‘Lockian culture’ of bilateralism toward the ‘Kantian culture’ of multilateralism.

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