남 ‧ 녀 중학생의 외모에 대한 사회문화적 태도, 외모 만족도, 또래 관계가 자아존중감에 미치는 영향 비교

초록

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, appearancesatisfaction, and peer relationships between male and female middle school students, and to compare the effectsof these variables on self-esteem in students of different genders. Methods: Data were collected in August andSeptember of 2023 and analyzed using SPSS 24.0. Data were collected from 289 male and 240 female studentsthrough a survey, and descriptive statistics, x2 test, t-test, Scheffé test, and multiple regression analysis wereconducted. Results: Female students showed significantly higher scores for sociocultural attitudes towardappearance (3.06±0.77 vs. 2.82±0.74), significantly lower scores for appearance satisfaction (2.55±0.46 vs. 2.71±0.40), and significantly higher scores for peer relationships (3.46±0.69 vs. 3.00±0.78) than male students. Additionally, self-esteem was significantly lower in female students (2.84±0.59) than in male students(2.95±0.51). As a result of adjusting for weekly allowance, subjective academic achievement, family economicstatus, stress, and experience of sadness or despair, which were significant in the univariate analysis, self-esteemincreased as appearance satisfaction (p for all <.001) and peer relationships increased in both male (p=.009)and female (p<.001) students. In addition, sociocultural attitudes toward appearance did not have a significantimpact on self-esteem in both male and female students. Among general characteristics, weekly allowance,subjective academic achievement, and stress were found to have a significant effect on self-esteem in bothgenders. Relationships with parents had a significant effect on self-esteem only in male students, and experienceof sadness or despair had a significant effect only in female students. Conclusion: In order to improve self-esteemin both boys and girls, appearance satisfaction and peer relationships should be improved. As boys with poorrelationships with their parents and girls with high levels of sadness or despair are particularly likely to have lowself-esteem, they are to be considered as a high-risk group.

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