Morphology and gas sensing characteristics of density-controlled CuO nanostructures obtained by varying the oxygen partial pressure during growth

초록

By exerting different O<inf>2</inf> partial pressures (0, 20, 40, and 60 sccm) onto copper substrates, we discovered that the growth parameter, namely, the O<inf>2</inf> flow rate, affects the degree of nucleation, diameter, length, and crystalline quality of CuO nanowires (NWs). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to analyze the evolution of the morphological and the microstructural changes in the CuO nanostructures. The formation of a Cu2O interlayer between the Cu and the CuO layers could be adjusted by controlling more precisely the O<inf>2</inf> flow rate. In addition, the reducing (H2S) and the oxidizing (O<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>2</inf>, and SO<inf>2</inf>) gas sensing performances of these O<inf>2</inf>-assisted CuO NWs were compared with those of CuO NWs grown in static air. The response to the reducing H2S of the sensors based on CuO NWs grown using O<inf>2</inf> at 40 sccm showed a higher electrical change and faster response and recovery times than the sensors based on CuO NWs grown using lower O<inf>2</inf> flow rates, including the ones grown in static air and/or used for sensing oxidizing gases (O<inf>2</inf>, NO<inf>2</inf>, and SO<inf>2</inf>) did. On the basis of their growth and their gas-sensing applications, the possible mechanisms characteristic of the density-controlled CuO NWs grown using various O<inf>2</inf> partial pressures are discussed. © 2016, The Korean Physical Society.

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