The Impact of Social Capital and Leisure Participation on Suicidal Ideation among Lonely Middle-Aged Adults

초록

Purpose: The present study examines the relationship between social capital (social networks), leisure participation, and suicidal ideation among lonely middle-aged adults from a socioeconomic and behavioral perspective. It aims to identify how modifiable social and activity-based factors can mitigate suicide risk within this vulnerable population. Research design, data and methodology: A cross-sectional quantitative design was employed using survey data from 328 middle-aged adults experiencing loneliness. Hierarchical regression, moderation, and mediation analyses were conducted to examine the effects of social networks and leisure participation on suicidal ideation while controlling demographic and mental health variables. Results: The findings indicate that both social network size and leisure participation significantly reduce suicidal ideation. Social capital demonstrates a strong protective effect, while leisure engagement independently contributes to risk reduction. Additionally, leisure participation partially mediates the relationship between social networks and suicidal ideation, and its protective effect is stronger among individuals with higher levels of loneliness. Conclusions: The study highlights the critical role of social capital and leisure behavior as modifiable protective factors. From a socioeconomic perspective, enhancing social connectivity and promoting active leisure participation can serve as effective intervention strategies to reduce suicidal ideation among lonely middle-aged adults.

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