축제와 정체성의 연행: 요루바 알루꾸 축제를 중심으로

초록

Aluku festival has been performed among Ajı́bı́ke lineage group members in Oke-Igbo, a Yoruba town in Nigeria. It is a biannual festival performed for seven days. The main events of this festival are Aluku's parades which are proceeded at mid night of third and last day of festival. This parade is secret for Oke-Igbo people except Ajibike lineage members. It is forbidden to steal a glance at Aluku and parade members. Oke-Igbo residents including Ajibike lineage members believe that anybody who steals a glance at Aluku must die, and there are many 'stories' that prove this belief. To keep the Aluku secrecy, Ajibike lineage group controls sharing secret knowledge about Aluku festival. Ajibike lineage members get to know this knowledge by stages. Affinity members are limited to get full knowledge of Aluku festival. This paper analyzes performing Aluku festival and keeping secrecy of Aluku in terms of identity construction and performance. Ajibike lineage members construct their lineage identity based on Aluku festival originated from Egba kingdom. They also compete against other major lineage groups such as Ologbenla lineage group, emphasizing Ife kingdom's cultural tradition. In addition their efforts to keep Aluku festival have been supported by Oke-Igbo community. It is because Oke-Igbo people would like to reconstruct their group identity from 'Olufe' to 'cosmopolitan' in modern Yoruba sub-ethnic identity politics. Aluku festival is the cultural field to construct and perform social identities playing various levels of Yoruba social life.

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