조선시대 족보의 유형과 특징

초록

Chokpo(族譜) was published in diverse patterns by their social status, how to record it, and the range of recording. Chokpo is classified into Wangsilchokpo(王室族譜) and Sagachokpo(私家族譜) according to their social status and classes, and into Chokdo(族圖), Chokpo(族譜), Palgojodo(八高祖圖), and Gachop(家牒) according to the patterns of recording. Also, Chokpo is divided into Mansungpo(萬姓譜), which records the lineage of all the family names, and Sijokpo(氏族譜), which describes the lineage of a particular family name. Sijokpo is subdivided into Papo(派譜) and Daedongpo (大同譜). Wangsilchokpo is classified into Sunwonnok(璿源錄), which records the king-royal family, and Donyoungpochop(敦寧譜諜) which records the royal family. Sunwonnok was recorded in the department of Chongbusi(宗簿寺), and wrote about the royal family. It was recorded in diverse patterns. Donyoungpochop was recorded in the department of Donyounbu(敦寧府), and wrote about the royal family who didn't belong to Chongchinbu(宗親府) including the maternal relatives of the king. Contrary to the Sunwonnok which was recorded in diverse ways, Donyoungpochop was recorded only a single way. Wangsilchokpo of the late Choson period changed its nature with the publication of two books, Sunwongyopogiryak(璿源系譜記略) and Sunwonsokpo(璿源續譜). The purpose of having published Wangsilchokpo in the early Choson period, was to find the royal relatives and to treat them with full respect. By contrast, Wangsilchokpo which was newly published in the late Choson period reflected some social phenomena. Therefore, Wangsilchokpo of the late Choson period was geneologic in nature, which was irrelevant to giving honor to the royal relatives. Sagachokpo is classified into Chokdo(族圖), Chokpo(族譜), Palgojodo(八高祖圖), and Gachop(家牒) according to the way of recording. Chokdo is an early form of Chokpo, and the family lineage was written on a sheet of special paper. Chokpo contains a systemized record of ancestors and is edited as a form of books. It is divided into Daedongpo and Papo by the range of recording. Palgojodo is a family tree which wrote about one's ancestors extending to his great-great-grandfather. It describes both the paternal side and maternal side which have the same importance. Gachop is a form of the notebook which writes about the direct line of one family. Its portable form made it easier to carry with. Mansungpo is a book which keeps records of many clans. In the late Choson period, genealogies as the study of other family lineages began to develop. Mansungpo as the most efficient means of genealogy was very useful to study the Korean genealogies.

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