항암제 개발: 토포아이소머라제, HSP90, mTOR 및 티로신키나제 억제제

초록

Chemical anticancer drugs that have been used for a long time for the treatment of cancer have high anticancer effects and many side effects. The side effects of anticancer drugs have also affected normal cells because they induce the death of cancer cells by inhibiting or blocking essential mechanisms for cell survival. Recently, inhibitory drugs that inhibit specific mechanisms of cancer cells are receiving a lot of attention as anticancer drugs. Inhibitory drugs have less effect on normal cells by inhibiting the activity of target proteins that are overexpressed in cancer cells. Representative anticancer inhibitors among many inhibitory drugs are mTOR inhibitors, topoisomerase inhibitors, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. For each of these inhibitor family, new candidate inhibitor drugs are continuously being developed and clinical trials are underway. In this review, we will examine the drug mechanism of each inhibitor drug, and describe the approved drugs and drugs in clinical trials.

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