Application of Gibberellic Acid and Paclobutrazol for Efficient Production of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Minitubers and Their Dormancy Breaking under Soilless Culture System

초록

This study was made to investigate the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) and paclobutrazol (PBZ) on the production of potato minitubers using different planting media (commercial soil and perlite) and hydroponic nutrient solution, and the sprouting behavior of minitubers. Plantlets were derived from in vitro system using tissue culture methods. Experiment conducted under hydroponic nutrient application condition showed that GA3 sprayed treatment produced the highest plant height (228.0 cm) with large leaves. Plants grown in commercial soil and sprayed with 150 mg&aacute;L1 of PBZ produced significantly high numbers of minitubers, 14.0 and 9.0 per plant in ‘Atlantic’ and ‘NorValley’, respectively. Similarly, plants sprayed with PBZ gave rise to high percentage of small (< 5 g/tuber) to medium (515 g/tuber) size minitubers, whereas plants grown in commercial soil and sprayed with GA3 100 mg&aacute;L1 produced bigger size (> 15 g/tuber) of minitubers in ‘Atlantic’ (13.0%) and ‘NorValley’ (39.4%). Higher tuber numbers per plant as well as higher percentage of bigger minitubers were produced from plants sprayed with plant growth regulators (PGRs) than the untreated control plants. Minitubers derived from PBZ treatment prolonged the minituber dormancy period by 520%, whereas GA3 treatment shortened the tuber dormancy period by 580% compared to the untreated control. These results demonstrated that soilless culture system together with PGRs increased the number and size of minitubers, which is a very important step for rapid multiplication of seed potatoes.

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