중소도시, 대도시 및 산업지역에서 채취한 미세분진(PM2.5)과 입자상 다환방향족 탄화수소의 계절적인 분포 특성

초록

This study was conducted to investigate seasonal distributions of fine particles (PM2.5) and associatedpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) at three cities. PM2.5samples were collected on glass fiber filters aturban (Chuncheon), metropolitan (Seoul), and industrial complex sites (Ulsan) from September, 2002 toFebruary, 2004 using the Andersen FH 95 Particulate Sampler. About five 24-hour samples were collectedfrom each site per season. The filters were analyzed for mass and six selected PAHs concentrations. PM2.5concentrations were the highest either in winter or spring, which could be attributed to the increase of fossilfuel combustion in winter or the transport of yellow sand to the Korean peninsula from China in spring,respectively. Regional PM2.5 concentrations were higher in the order of Seoul¤ Chuncheon¤ Ulsan withoutstatistical difference among cities. The filters were extracted using dichloromethane in an ultrasonicator anda]anthracene, chrysene, and benzo[a]pyrene)with HPLC. Total PAHs concentrations were statistically different among seasons in each site, and the highestconcentrations were observed in winter at each sampling site. For total samples collected, the median totalPAHs concentrations in Chuncheon (4.6 ng/m3) and Seoul (4.4 ng/m3) were approximately two times higherthan that in Ulsan(2.1ng/m3). Chrysene was a component found in the highest proportion among total PAHs ateach site. Carcinogenic risks calculated based on the BaP toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) over the wholesampling period were higher in the order of Chuncheon¤ Seoul¤ Ulsan. This study suggests that the atmos-phere of Chuncheon is contaminated with particulate matter and PAHs at the levels equivalent to those ofSeoul and that an appropriate measure needs to be taken to mitigate human health risks from inhalationexposure to airborne fine particles.

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