Temperature-Dependent Oviposition Models for Monochamus saltuarius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

초록

Longhorn beetles of the genus Monochamus are vectors of the pine wood nematode, which causes incurable pine wilt disease in coniferous trees. We developed temperature-dependent models to describe the oviposition of Monochamus saltuarius, a significant species within this genus. Our study demonstrated that these models effectively capture the nonlinear effects of temperature on the oviposition and aging of M. saltuarius adults. We compared two simulation approaches: one that separately accounted for the sexual maturation phase of adults and another that did not. Both methods proved capable of accurately describing oviposition patterns across various temperature conditions. The insights gained from this study have potential applications beyond estimating oviposition and predicting population dynamics of M. saltuarius. This modeling framework could be adapted to forecast population changes in a diverse range of pest species, offering a versatile tool for pest management strategies. Monochamus saltuarius Gebler is a serious insect pest in Europe and East Asia regions, including Portugal, Spain, China, Japan, and Korea. It transfers the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus to conifer trees, resulting in pine wilt disease (PWD). As temperature is a key factor influencing insect population dynamics, temperature-dependent models describing M. saltuarius oviposition could estimate population growth potential and evaluate outbreak risks. In this study, the longevity and fecundity of M. saltuarius females were measured under constant temperature conditions ranging from 20 to 32 degrees C, and temperature-dependent models were constructed. The longevity of M. saltuarius females ranged from 83.36 days to 22.92 days, with a total fecundity of 141 eggs and 52.77 eggs at 20 degrees C and 32 degrees C, respectively. To describe oviposition, we used a single-phase simulation describing oviposition as a single model and a two-phase simulation describing sexual maturation and oviposition as two separate models. These models effectively described M. saltuarius oviposition (r2 > 0.96) under constant temperature conditions, with the two-phase simulation demonstrating greater accuracy overall. Such models could facilitate assessments of PWD risks. The modeling framework of this study shows potential for predicting threats from various forestry and agricultural pests.

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