Study on Artifacts in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (II): Review of Tissue-and Motion-Related Artifacts

초록

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in clinical practice because it provides excellent soft-tissue contrast and diverse diagnostic information. However, MRI is susceptible to a variety of artifacts because of the complexity of signal acquisition and reconstruction and the influence of tissue properties and physiologic motion. This review focuses on tissue-and motion-related artifacts commonly encountered in clinical MRI, including magnetic susceptibility, metal, chemical shift, respiratory motion, cardiac motion, patient motion, and flow artifacts. Each artifact is described in terms of its physical mechanism, typical imaging appearance, sequence dependence, clinical significance, and practical correction strategies. Particular attention is given to the relationship and distinction between susceptibility and metal artifacts, the diagnostic utility of chemical shift artifact, and the fact that motion-related artifacts may either mimic pathology or obscure true lesions. A systematic understanding of these artifacts may contribute to improved image quality, reduced repeat examinations, fewer interpretive errors, and greater diagnostic reliability in clinical MRI.

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