Comparative analysis of the immunomodulatory effects of extracellular vesicles from canine placental and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

초록

Objective To compare the immunomodulatory capacities of canine placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs; MSCs) and adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) as well as the effects of their extracellular vesicles (EVs) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods PMSCs and ADMSCs were isolated and characterized. The PBMCs were cocultured with each isolated MSC. PBMC viability was assessed by trypan blue, and CD4 expression and PBMC proliferation were analyzed by flow cytometry. Inflammatory cytokines in the supernatants were measured using an ELISA. In addition, each type of MSC-derived EV was extracted and incubated with PBMCs. Subsequently, the same analyses used in the MSC experiments were performed. Statistical analyses used SPSS 26 with the significance set at P < .05. Results In MSC experiments, PMSC group exhibited the highest CD4 expression, and PBMC proliferation was also lowest in PMSC group. PBMC viability was significantly lower in PMSC group. A comparison of the inflammatory cytokine concentrations showed similar IL-2 and IL-10 levels in the groups, whereas TNF-alpha was significantly lower in PMSC group. In EV experiments, the PMSC EV had a greater ability to inhibit PBMC proliferation than the ADMSC EV, whereas CD4 expression showed no difference. PBMC viability and TNF-alpha concentration were lowest in PMSC EV group, whereas IL-2 concentration was lowest in ADMSC EV group. Conclusions PMSCs and their EVs have comparable immunomodulatory effects to ADMSCs, with some statistically significant differences. Clinical Relevance PMSC-derived EVs may represent a potential therapeutic option for immune-mediated conditions.

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