Synergy of trans-p-coumaric acid and ciprofloxacin against biofilm-forming bovine mastitis pathogens

초록

Blind use of antibiotics in the veterinary practice and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is serious concern in the veterinary medicine. AMR can be tackled by finding alternative approaches such as medicinal plants, phytocompounds etc. This study quantified the antimicrobial potential of 10 phytochemicals against biofilm producing bacteria responsible for bovine mastitis and synergistic effect with antibiotic.A total of 240 bacterial isolates were isolatedfrom milk samples(CMT +2) collected from 230 cowswith Escherichia coliand S. aureus being most prevalent.These bacterial isolates were screened for biofilm production by tube method and microtiter plate method and graded as weak, moderate, strong and non-biofilm producing bacteria. The antibacterial efficacy of 10distinct phytochemicals was systematically evaluated using a multi- assay approach, including disc diffusion, agar well diffusion, MIC and MBC methods against biofilm producing bacteria.Also studied synergistic interaction between trans-p-coumaric acid and ciprofloxacin in a 1:1 ratio, aiming to reduceconventional antibiotics requirementin the clinical management of mastitis in dairy animals.Notably, trans-p coumaric acid demonstrated the strongest antibacterial effect against both Gram positive and Gram negative, surpassing quercetin, gallic acid, and caffeic acid. The synergistic effect of trans-p-coumaric acid with ciprofloxacin (1:1), MIC results showed that reducing the concentration of the antibiotic to half, in combination with phytochemical. It is concluded that combination of trans-p-coumaric acid with ciprofloxacin would be an effective alternative approach, which may significantly reduce reliance on antibiotics while addressing the challenge of AMR.

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