Indium and gallium-mediated addition reactions

초록

Indium and Gallium have emerged as useful metals in organic synthesis as a result of its intriguing chemical properties of reactivity, selectivity, and low toxicity. Although indium belongs to a main metal in group 13, its first ionization potential energy is very low and stable in H2O and O-2. Therefore, indium-mediated organic reactions are of our current interest. On the basis of these properties of indium, many efficient indium-mediated organic reactions have been recently developed, such as the addition reactions of allylindium to carbonyl and minimum groups, the indium-mediated synthesis of 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)homoallenylsilanes, the indium-mediated allylation of keto esters with allyl halides, sonochemical Reformatsky reaction using indium, the indium-mediated selective introduction of allenyl and propargyl groups at C-4 position of 2-azetidinones, the indium-mediated Michael addition and Hosomi-Sakurai reactions, the indium-mediated beta-Aallylation, alpha,beta-propargylation and beta-allenylation onto alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones, the highly efficient 1,4-addition of 1,3-diesters , to conjugated enones by indium, and TMSCI, and the intramolecular carboindation reactions. Also, we found gathum-mediated organic reactions such as addition reactions of propargylgallium to carbonyl group and regioselective allylgallation of terminal alkynes.

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