Response of Planting Material and Seed Size on the Production of Minituber of Potato in Glasshouse and Plastichouse Conditions

초록

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different in vitro planting materials and seed size on the production of minitubers under glasshouse and plastic house conditions. Three different types of in vitro planting materials for minituber production were used; microtubers, non-hardened and hardened in vitro plantlets of potato cultivars “Gogu Valley”, “Juice Valley”, “Early Valley”, “Purple Valley”, “Golden Valley” and “Superior”. Microtuber showed better performance in plant height, the number of main stem/plant and the number of tuber/plant than the direct planting and indirect planting of in vitro plantlets under glasshouse condition. Tuber yield was significantly higher from the microtuber than the direct planting and indirect planting of in vitro plantlets in all six potato cultivars. The highest yield was 46.2 g/plant in “Early Valley” from microtuber and the lowest yield was 15.4 g/plant in “Juice Valley” from direct planting of in vitro plantlets. In the case of seed size, four different seed size minitubers (0.5-2 g, >2-4 g, >4-6 g and >6-8 g) from first generation of in vitro plantlets of potato cultivars “Superior”, “Purple Valley”, and “Golden Valley” were used. Results showed that bigger seed size resulted in higher emergence rate while higher number of main stem resulted in higher number of tuber per plant. The largest sized seed produced the highest tuber yield (301.6 g/plant) in “Superior” with the highest percentage of medium sized tubers in all evaluated potato cultivars and the lowest yield (105 g/plant) was in “Golden Valley” from the second smallest seed sized tubers. These results demonstrated that microtubers have high potential for better production of minituber among the in vitro planting materials under glasshouse condition and seed sizes are also one of the responsible factors for the production of potato with optimum seed size of minituber in subsequent generation.

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