Nitric Oxide–Mediated Stress Tolerance in Ornamental Plants Under Climate Change– Related Abiotic Conditions: Insights from Model Plant Studies

초록

Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, heat, cold, and fluctuating light intensity, posing significant challenges to ornamental plant growth, market quality, and postharvest performance. Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a key gaseous signaling molecule involved in plant adaptive responses to such stress conditions. Although extensive research in model plants, particularly Arabidopsis thaliana, has elucidated NO biosynthesis pathways, redox signaling networks, hormone crosstalk, and S-nitrosylation-based regulation, comparable mechanistic studies in ornamental species remain limited. Existing evidence from Rosa, Tagetes, Gazania, Gerbera, Lilium, Chrysanthemum, Petunia, Zinnia, and other floricultural crops suggests that NO enhances stress resilience by regulating antioxidant activity, maintaining photosynthetic efficiency, stabilizing cellular membranes, modulating stomatal behavior, and extending vase life through delayed senescence. This review synthesizes the current state of knowledge on NO-mediated abiotic stress tolerance in ornamental plants within the context of climate change impacts and compares these findings with well-characterized NO functions in model systems. By identifying parallel mechanisms, knowledge gaps, and translational opportunities, we highlight experimental directions that may accelerate the application of NO-based approaches in floriculture. Finally, the review discusses practical implications, including the use of exogenous NO donors, priming strategies, and advanced delivery systems, as potential tools for improving climate resilience in ornamental horticulture.

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