Classification of Diverse Soybean Germplasm with Morphological Characters and Molecular Markers

초록

Detection and characterization of genetic diversity in germplasm are the critical steps for crop improvement. We have analyzed the genetic variation in a set of 108 different soybean accessions with agronomic traits and molecular markers, and tried to detect the association between the molecular diversity and agronomic trait variation. 10 agronomic traits including plant height, leaf shape, number of branches per plant, number of nodes per plant, number of podes per plant, 100-seed weight, days to flowering, days from flowering to maturity, days to maturity, and crude oil content showed high variation among the soybeans. Genetic correlation among traits was also sought. Plant height and 100-seed weight showed significant correlation coefficient with many other traits. In principal component analysis, 70% of the total variation were accounted by the first 4 principal components and days to maturity among ten agronomic traits took the largest proportion of the variation. The 108 soybean lines were grouped into 12 clusters at the minimum similarity of 0.815 with Simple Sequence Repeated DNA Polymorphism (SSRP) and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers. The clustering pattern did not permit the grouping of the soybean lines according to their geographic origins. In an attempt to associate the variation of agronomic traits with the molecular diversity, except for the number of pods per plant, the other nine agronomic traits showed highly significant differences between one or more of the molecular subclusters at the Least Significant Difference (LSD) level of 5%. Although most of the studies on the association of the agronomic traits with the molecular markers were done with the molecular maps, our attempt could provide another mean for detecting the association of the agronomic trait variation with molecular diversity.

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