Effects of Agricultural By-product Biochar on Soil Properties, Growth and Yield of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis); [농업부산물 바이오차 처리가 토양 화학성 및 배추 생육에 미치는 영향]

초록

Recent revisions to Korea’s Fertilizer Process Standards (2024) have allowed a wider variety of agricultural by-products to be used as biochar feedstocks, reflecting the growing emphasis on resource recycling in agriculture. Along with this expansion, interest in the agronomic use of crop by-product-derived biochars has increased. This study aimed to characterize biochars from peach, grape, red pepper, melon, and asparagus by-products and evaluate their effects on crop growth. By-products were pyrolyzed (500°C), analyzed for C, nutrients, and heavy metals, and applied at 500 kg/10a to soil for Chinese cabbage cultivation (60 days). Carbon contents ranged 53.9~65.0%. Asparagus biochar had highest N (3.09%) and K (3.54%), melon biochar highest P (1.52%), and all heavy metals were below RDA’s guideline. Red pepper biochar yielded the greatest crop performance, with fresh weight (1.74 kg) showing a 28% increase over the control (1.36 kg). Crop by-product biochars differ in nutrient composition. Red pepper biochar enhanced Chinese cabbage yield most. Guidelines are needed to optimize safe and sustainable biochar use. © The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture 2025.

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