북한 민속의 전시화와 공간의 재구성－민속거리와 민속공원을 중심으로－

초록

This study examines North Korean folk streets and folk parks from the perspective of the exhibition of folklore and the reconstruction of space. In North Korea, folklore has long been displayed in indoor museum settings, such as the Korean Folklore Museum, through artifacts, models, and explanatory panels. Since the 2000s, however, folk culture has increasingly been relocated into expanded spatial environments where architecture, landscape, food, play, leisure, tourism, and collective experience are integrated. This paper analyzes Sariwon Folk Street, Pyongyang Folk Park, the Nangnang Museum, Ryonggang Folk Park, and the newly constructed Korean Folklore Museum by using North Korean official reports, photographs, video materials, and tourism-related sources. The analysis shows that North Korean folk exhibition spaces are not merely places for preserving or representing past ways of life. Rather, they function as complex cultural spaces in which the superiority of national heritage, socialist lifestyle, ideological education, tourism, consumption, leisure, and embodied experience are combined. Sariwon Folk Street appears as a street-type folk space where traditional architecture, everyday culture, food, play, and tourist consumption are brought together. Pyongyang Folk Park, by contrast, was organized as a large-scale representational space that integrated historical monuments, traditional buildings, folk games, ethnic food, and collective visitation. Even after the dismantling of Pyongyang Folk Park in 2016, this tendency did not disappear. It has instead been reorganized through the Nangnang Museum, Ryonggang Folk Park, and the new Korean Folklore Museum, where historical exhibition, folk experience, regional tourism, and urban development are newly combined. This study argues that North Korean folk streets and folk parks should be understood not simply as spaces for the preservation of traditional culture, but as exhibitionary devices through which folklore is selected, arranged, and actualized within a state-led cultural project. By tracing how North Korean folklore is transformed into heritage, experience, and spatial representation, this paper contributes to a broader understanding of North Korean cultural heritage policy and the changing modes of folk exhibition.

키워드