Enhancement of ferrous sulfate absorption using nano-technology in broiler chickens

초록

Two experiments were conducted to determine the absorption ratio of Fe nanoparticles and to evaluate the optimal dietary concentrations in broiler chickens. In experiment 1, a total of 36 growing broiler chickens (21 d, 935 +/- 13 g) were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments and 12 broiler chickens individually housed per treatment aiming to evaluate Fe absorption in ferrous sulfate, nano-Fe, and organic Fe forms. The treatments included ferrous sulfate (FeS; 25 mg Fe/kg as ferrous sulfate), iron-Met (FeM; 25 mg/kg), and nano-FeS (N-FeS; 25 mg/kg). In experiment 2, a total of 720 one-day-old broiler chickens (42.5 +/- 2.6 g) were randomly allotted to 8 treatments (6 replicates per treatment; 15 broiler chickens per replicate) including 4 concentrations (5, 10, 20, and 30 ppm) and 2 sources (FeS and N-FeS) based on a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement aiming to evaluate Fe absorption, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal integrity, and intestinal microbiota. The diets were provided in a mash form for 2 phases (0 to 14 d, phase 1; 14 to 35 d, phase 2). In experiment 1, less (P < 0.01) content of Fe was excreted in the N-FeS and FeM treatments compared with the FeS. The absorption rate (P < 0.01), apparent total tract digestibility (P < 0.01), and standardized total tract digestibility (P < 0.01) of Fe were increased in the FeM and N-FeS compared with the FeS. In experiment 2, a linear increase (P < 0.05) in digestibility of crude protein was observed by increasing dietary Fe concentration in phase 1. The concentration of red blood cells (RBC) was linearly increased (P < 0.01) in broiler chickens fed higher dietary Fe. Broiler chickens fed N-FeS diets had greater RBC count compared with the FeS treatments (P < 0.05). The concentration of hemoglobin was linearly increased (P < 0.01) by increasing the concentrations of Fe. The N-FeS treatments increased serum Fe concentration compared with the FeS treatments in phase 1 (P < 0.05). The excreta Fe content was linearly increased (P < 0.01) in broiler chickens fed FeS or N-FeS diets. Total Fe excretion was less (P < 0.05) in broiler chickens fed the N-FeS source compared with the FeS source. Increasing the concentration of dietary Fe as FeS (P < 0.05) or N-FeS (P < 0.01) linearly increased the Fe concentration in the liver. Overall, the N-FeS source of ferrous sulfate can be a good alternative to common ferrous sulfate because of greater absorption, RBC, and blood hemoglobin.

키워드