노인의 외로움과 사회적 관계망의 관계에서 신체적 여가동반자 유형의 조절효과

초록

This study aimed to investigate the moderating effect of physical leisure companion types on the relationship between loneliness and social networks in older adults and to provide a basis for tailored interventions that reflect the relational context of physical leisure activities. To this end, we conducted face-to-face surveys with 501 older adults aged 65 years or older who participated in physical leisure activities. The moderating effect was analyzed using Hayes’ (2018) PROCESS macro (Model 1). The analysis revealed that loneliness had a significant negative effect on social networks (B=-1.240, p<.001) and confirmed the moderating effect of physical leisure companion types on the relationship between loneliness and social networks. Furthermore, the degree to which loneliness reduced social networks was greatest in the solo group (B=-1.240), while the decrease was attenuated in the family (B=-.825) and friend (B=-.854) groups. These results suggest that, to alleviate loneliness and strengthen social networks in older adults, programs need to be designed to include a relational context that promotes companionship and interaction, rather than merely increasing the volume of physical leisure activities. In particular, the findings raise the need for customized intervention designs, such as step-by-step matching (1:1 → small group → local community connection), targeting older adults who are active alone.

키워드