인체 건강에 미치는 미세플라스틱 영향에 관한 최근 동향

초록

Microplastics(MPs), small plastic particles ubiquitous in the environment, pose emerging concerns for human health due to their ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure routes. This review summarizes current research on the effects of MPs on the human body. Ingested MPs, primarily from contaminated food and water sources, induce gastrointestinal inflammation, oxidative stress, and microbiota alterations, with potential systemic distribution and organ accumulation. Inhalation of airborne MPs may lead to respiratory inflammation and impaired lung function. Dermal contact with MPs raises concerns about skin absorption and dermatological effects. Understanding microplastic toxicity mechanisms, including their interactions with biological systems and role as carriers for harmful substances, is critical for risk assessment and policy development. Integrating knowledge from environmental science, toxicology, and public health is essential for addressing health risks associated with MPs exposure. Further research is needed to fill knowledge gaps and develop strategies for mitigating microplastic pollution, safeguarding human health, and promoting environmental sustainability.

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