Estimate of daily-fluoride intake of powdered milks and baby foods for 6 month old and younger infants in Korea

초록

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the fluoride content of powdered milks and powdered baby foods which were commercially available in Korea in 2005. It was also to predict amount of daily fluoride intake for 6 month old or younger infants from commercialized powdered milks and baby foods. Methods: The fluoride content of 20 kinds of commercialized powdered milk and 8 kinds of commercialized powdered baby food samples were assessed by a modified micro-diffusion method and a fluoride ion selective electrode. The estimates of daily-fluoride intake in infant were assumed by previous reported formula which was composed with fluoride content of powdered milks, daily intake amount and standard body weight. Results: The fluoride content of powdered milks for 3 month, 6 month old infants and powdered baby foods were 0.270-2.139 ㎍/g (mean 0.736 ㎍/g), 0.213-2.544 ㎍/g (mean 0.761 ㎍/g) and 0.626-14.263 ㎍/g (mean 4.751 ㎍/g). Especially 2 kinds of baby food had high fluoride content (14.173 and 14.283 ㎍/g). The calculated amount of daily fluoride intake which were supposed to dilute with deionized water followed by the company direction, were 0.006-0.049 ㎎/㎏/day (mean 0.016 ㎎/㎏/day) for powdered milks for 3 month old infants and 0.004-0.043 ㎎/㎏/day (mean 0.013 ㎎/㎏/day) for 6 month old infants. These daily fluoride intakes accounted for the safe range from enamel fluorosis which were under 0.05-0.07 ㎎/㎏/day. However, daily calculated fluoride intake of baby foods were 0.006-0.222 ㎎ /㎏/day (mean 0.058 ㎎/㎏/day) which were higher than powdered milks. Especially 2 kinds of baby foods showed extremely high daily fluoride intake (0.132 and 0.222 ㎎/㎏/day) as compared to the upper limit of the safe range for the dental fluorosis (0.05-0.07 ㎎/㎏). Conclusions: Based on this study, most of the powdered milks and baby foods in Korea in 2005 contained the appropriate content of fluoride, but there were some baby foods products that exceeded the permissible range of intake. For this reason, manufacturers should consider the content of fluoride in their manufacturing process for their infants’products.

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