Multi-Angle Bistatic Scattering Characteristics of Ground Targets Observed by GB-SAR Experiment

초록

The bidirectional scattering behaviour of natural ground targets is an important parameter to understand bistatic or multistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, yet it has not been well characterised due to the scarcity of such observations. Ground-based SAR (GB-SAR) systems can acquire bistatic or multistatic images over large bistatic angles, enabling direct measurement of the bidirectional scattering behaviour of targets by deploying antennas at different position. In this study, bidirectional scattering signals of several representative ground targets were measured as a function of bistatic angle up to 30 degrees using a Ku-band GB-SAR system with a configuration consisting of one stationary Tx antenna and one scanning Rx antenna. The observed targets exhibited physically consistent scattering behaviours, including single-bounce scattering from lawns, double-bounce scattering from road boundary stones, triple-bounce scattering from trihedral corner reflectors and volume scattering from bushes. These results demonstrate the potential of GB-SAR systems as an experimental platform for characterising bistatic scattering mechanisms and improving the physical interpretation of multistatic SAR imagery.

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