A novel dienelactone hydrolase from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P1: Purification, characterization, and expression

초록

Background: Dienelactone hydrolases catalyze the hydrolysis of dienelactone to maleylacetate, which play a key role for the microbial degradation of chloroaromatics via chlorocatechols. Here, a thermostable dienelactone hydrolase from thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P1 was the first purified and characterized and then expressed in Escherichia coli. Methods: The enzyme was purified by using several column chromatographys and characterized by determining the enzyme activity using p-nitrophenyl caprylate and dienelactones. In addition, the amino acids related to the catalytic mechanism were examined by site-directed mutagenesis using the identified gene. Results: The enzyme, approximately 29 kDa monomeric, showed the maximal activity at 74 degrees C and pH 5.0, respectively. The enzyme displayed remarkable thermostability: it retained approximately 50% of its activity after 50 h of incubation at 90 degrees C, and showed high stability against denaturing agents, including various detergents, urea, and organic solvents. The enzyme displayed substrate specificities toward trans-dienelactone, not cis-isomer, and also carboxylesterase activity toward p-nitrophenyl esters ranging from butyrate (C-4) to laurate (C-12). The k(cat)/K-m, ratios for trans-dienelactone and p-nitrophenyl caprylate (C-8), the best substrate, were 92.5 and 54.7 s(-1) mu M-1, respectively. Conclusions: The enzyme is a typical dienelactone hydrolase belonging to alpha/beta hydrolase family and containing a catalytic triad composed of Cys151, Asp198, and His229 in the active site. General significance: The enzyme is the first characterized archaeal dienelactone hydrolase. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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