‘癖’의 발견 — 송대 ‘우아한 취향[雅趣]’의 형성

초록

This paper explores the culture of Pi (癖) among the literati of the Song Dynasty. Pi refers to an unusually intense passion or obsession. Before the Song Dynasty, the concept of Pi was primarily associated with reading, drinking, and the appreciation of nature. However, during the Song Dynasty, its scope expanded to include the collection, appreciation, and study of material objects. These objects mainly included ink sticks and inkstones, paintings and calligraphy, rubbings of stone inscriptions, antiques, precious stones, incense, tea, and plants. Building on previous studies that examined the pleasures and the sense of dilemma or inner conflict arising from the tension between such enjoyment and Confucian principles of moderation, this paper serves as the third and concluding study in the series. This paper argues that the discovery of Pi involves two distinct aspects. First, before the Song Dynasty, preferences for material objects were rarely documented and generally regarded as matters requiring moderation. however, By the Song Dynasty, these pleasures were widely shared and openly celebrated. In their depth of immersion, aesthetic discovery through appreciation, and pursuit of satisfaction, these activities resemble what we now call “hobbies.” Thus, the literati of the Song Dynasty arguably discovered a new dimension of life—the realm of hobbies. Second, the Song Dynasty literati presented different approaches to the appreciation of material objects. They emphasized the shared appreciation of certain material objects, the pursuit of aesthetic excellence, and a sense of communion with the objects themselves. In this way, they cultivated an elegant taste that distinguished them from more common or mundane preferences.

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