Improvement to Enhance the Reliability of National Waste Generation and Treatment Statistics in South Korea

초록

Statistics play a crucial role in waste management by underpinning policy development and implementation, thereby highlighting the need for accurate and reliable data compilation. However, waste statistics often exhibit anomalies and outliers. Challenges such as double counting, the inclusion of illegally disposed waste, and the aggregation of disaster-related waste into total generation figures hinder accurate interpretation and effective use of the data. This study aims to identify the factors undermining the reliability the national waste statistics in Korea, with a focus on data related to waste generation and treatment. It further investigates the root causes of these statistical inconsistencies and reviews international practices to propose measures for improvements. The findings suggest that “junk shops” should be incorporated into the formal waste management system to ensure proper oversight. Furthermore, illegal waste and disaster-related waste should be managed as distinct categories, reflecting their unique characteristics and statistical implications, as demonstrated by the approach adopted in Japan. To prevent double counting, waste generated at treatment facilities that does not undergo a compositional change—such as secondary waste from shredding, crushing, or drying—should be excluded from reporting or managed separately, consistent with practices adopted in the European Union. Finally, given the recurring errors in the current statistical compilation system, this study highlights the need for a more advanced digital data entry platform and a three-stage verification process involving local governments, the Korea Environment Corporation, and an expert review panel to improve the accuracy and reliability of national waste statistics. © 2025, Korea Society of Waste Management. All rights reserved.

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