Role of Metal-Doped Carbon Dots in Bioimaging and Cancer Therapy

초록

Carbon dots (CDs) have gained enormous attention in the class of carbon-based nanomaterials due to their outstanding features, including ultra-small size, hydrophilic nature, low cytotoxicity, and fluorescence, which makes them appropriate for various biomedical applications. Doping of heteroatoms in CDs improves their physicochemical properties, photophysical properties, and quantum yield by their regulatory size, morphology, structure, and energy gap. Doping with metal ions, especially transition metal ions, looks more predominate due to more number of electrons and unoccupied orbitals which make to alter the charge density on the surface of CDs. Furthermore, doping with lanthanide elements provides near-infrared (NIR) response and magnetic activity which are beneficial for NIR-responsive synergistic chemophototherapy and multimodal imaging-guided. Thus, herein we try to provide complete information of metal-doped CDs about their synthetic methods and application in imaging and cancer therapy. At first various synthetic methods for metallic ion doped CDs along with the effects of the reaction parameters and doping on the structure and properties of CDs were discussed. Further, we have broadly explained their applications as bioimaging agents and in the field of cancer phototherapy. Finally, this book chapter will give a promising understanding of various synthesis methods of metal-doped CDs and their biomedical application in both in vitro and in vivo. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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