汉语四字成语语体特征再考察 —以≪现代汉语词典≫语体标记为中心—

초록

To investigate the stylistic characteristics of Chengyu, this study takes the “成语” section of the electronic multimedia edition of the Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (Modern Chinese Dictionary) as its research scope and conducts a detailed examination of the stylistic labels assigned to 4,244 Chengyu. Among these, 21 entries carry explicit stylistic labels. In addition, there are 8 entries marked with “-r”(~儿), 15 entries marked with “-de”(~的), and 32 Chengyu containing neutral-tone syllables; these Chengyu can also be regarded as exhibiting relatively salient colloquial features. On the basis of these, This study conducted an Chengyu recognition survey covering 80 four-character entries. The results show that Chengyu labeled as belonging to the written style receive the highest level of acceptance. Furthermore, the study discusses a number of prototypical features of Chengyu based on the four-character pattern. Although there is still no consensus in Chinese linguistics on the definition of “成语” this study argues that Chengyu should be approached from the perspective of prototype theory: the more idiomatic features a fixed expression possesses, the more readily it is recognized as an Chengyu by native speakers, and the Xiandai Hanyu Cidian should take this perspective into consideration to an appropriate extent.

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