Aloe vera-derived nanovesicles mitigate senescence and restore myogenesis in bovine satellite cells for cultured meat applications

초록

Cultured meat production requires the large-scale expansion of bovine muscle satellite cells (bMuSCs), but prolonged in vitro culture induces cellular senescence, leading to reduced proliferation and differentiation potential. In this study, we demonstrate that edible, plant-derived Aloe vera-derived nanovesicles (ANVs) act as a food-grade, scalable supplement to mitigate culture-induced aging and restore bMuSC functionality. ANVs were isolated using polyethylene glycol precipitation and exhibited a mean size of 133.6 nm. Treatment with ANVs reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species levels by up to 70% and reduced senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity. Functionally, ANV treatment enhanced cellular activity and partially rescued proliferation and myogenic differentiation, accompanied by increased expression of Desmin, MYF6, and MYH7. These results present ANVs as a bioactive, non-animal alternative for restoring cellular senescence. Given their food-grade origin, and manufacturability, ANVs offer a promising strategy to cell quality during extended expansion, addressing a key bottleneck in cultured meat bioprocessing.

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